Researchers focused on the economic impact of disparities related to insurance coverage. The panel delves into the challenges and treatment approaches for various rare subtypes of nccRCC, including translocation. The group discusses how blocking ACSS2 may affect immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Drs. Beckermann, Rathmell, and Bacigalupa highlight the potential of ACSS2 as a therapeutic target in kidney cancer. CEUS for the assessment of nccRCC can provide a more sensitive alternative to conventional ultrasound imaging. The primary end point was ORR according to Immune Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors at 4 months. The panel highlights recent advancements in combination therapies for nccRCC, with a focus on KEYNOTE-B61 and cabo-nivo. The panel focuses on CN, oligometastatic disease treatment, and advancements in systemic therapies over the past few decades. The panel explores our understanding of nccRCC, including classification, molecular distinctions, and prognostic criteria. Researchers evaluated the tissue samples of 126 treatment-naïve patients collected from a multicenter database. A recent dose-escalation study has demonstrated the safety and efficacy of cabo/nivo or cabo/nivo/ipi for several GU cancers. Dr. Simpa Salami's research into a 15-gene prognostic signature for predicting ccRCC risk is discussed in this interview. The standard of care for intermediate to high-risk RCC consists of partial or radical nephrectomy and surveillance. ACSS2 inhibition led to lowered chromatin accessibility, HIF-2α expression, and stability. A recent study that sought to characterize rare kidney tumors has identified novel biomarkers in nccRCC subtypes. Bempegaldesleukin can initialize effector CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Rana McKay, MD, provides commentary on the safety of 89Zr-girentuximab PET/CT for treating clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The signature has been initially validated to improve ccRCC risk stratification and provide better treatment allocation. Dr. Kane shares insights into his career trajectory, highlighting moments that led him to specialize and leading in urology. The panel concludes with the applications, challenges, and future prospects of belzutifan in treating advanced kidney cancer.