Black patients had a lower survival rate compared with White patients, and they experienced a sharp decline in survival. As one of the most aggressive forms of kidney cancer, there is a need for new treatment strategies for RMC. Drs. Rini and Plimack discuss "impressive" non-clear cell RCC data. Drs. Lee and McKay discuss the latest data on KEYNOTE-B61 for first-line lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab for nccRCC. The largest analysis of outcomes for patients with sarcomatoid or rhabdoid metastatic nccRCC treated with IO-based regimens. Dr. Msaouel shares his journey to becoming a world expert in RMC and the clinical trial work he led to improve outcomes. Dr. Rini provided an overview of nccRCC, including data pertaining to response to IO monotherapy and IO/TKI combinations. The panel shares how they treat frontline papillary kidney cancer. Dr. Msaouel provides an overview of the molecular characteristics and treatment for nccRCC, with a particular focus on RMC. Researchers presented the largest retrospective characterization of localized RCC with sarcomatoid dedifferentiation. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed “modest clinical efficacy” in patients with nccRCC in a study of real-world data from ... The phase 2 SWOG 1500 trial showed improvement in progression-free survival for cabozantinib in metastatic papillary RCC.